Florida Forest Plants

Devil's claws  (Pisonia aculeata)

Devil's claws, also called cockspur, is a sprawling, shrubby vine with opposite branching and pairs of sharp, curved spines in the leaf axils. The name of the plant comes from these unpleasant spines, which can snag an unsuspecting passer-by. Fruits and seedpods often attach to animals, or hikers, which aids in dispersal of the plants.

Dried plant parts are steamed to make a liquid said to be an effective treatment for arthritis.

While devil's claws grow mainly in tropical climates now,
 

Twigs and leaves
they once had a range that reached farther north. They are native to southern Florida's hammocks, pine forests, and to the Florida Keys.

 Identifying Characteristics
Size/Form:
Devil's claw is a sprawling, shrubby, or tree-like vine that may grow up to 15' tall.
Leaves:
The leaves are simple, opposite and elliptical to ovate. They are about 1" to 4" long and 1" to 3" wide, with pairs of sharp, curved spines in the leaf axils. Leaf margins are entire.
Flowers:
The flowers are tiny clusters of yellow-green blossoms.
Fruit:
Fruits are dry, rounded to oblong capsules. They are ribbed, sticky, and softly hairy.
Stem:
Young stems are hairy, while older plants have dark bark.
Habitat:
Devil's claw is commonly found in hammocks and pinelands.


Photos
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Leaves and spines


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