Simulation Analysis of Forest Ecosystems (3 credits)

 

                  FOR 6156

 

Lectures and Discussion  Three times per week for one period each.

 

 

Instructor: Wendell Cropper  wcropper@ufl.edu

            School of Forest Resources and Conservation

            214 Newins Ziegler Hall

 

 

Office Hours: After class or by appointment. See me for help with programming, homework and projects. Email questions and programs.

 

 

Course Description

 

This course is designed to explore the conceptual basis, evaluation, implementation, testing, and analysis of forest and tree simulation models.

Each student will develop and present a modeling project based on their research or other approved topics.

 

 

Course is Designed For: Graduate Students

 

 

Prerequisites: Undergraduate course(s) in ecology, plant physiology. Ability

to use Algebra.

 

 

Course Resources:

 

      Books (recommended) :

 

      Modeling Biological Systems. Principles and Applications.

      J. W. Haefner. 1996. Chapman and Hall, NY. 473 pp.

 

      Python programming books:

 

Learning Python. Mark Lutz, David Ascher. 1999. O’Reilly and Associates, Inc. 366 pp. OR

 

      How to Think Like a Computer Scientist. Learning with Python. 2002.

      A.Downey, et. Al. Green Tea Press. Wellesley, Mass. (pdf)

 

      http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld/

 

Python Programs: example programs provided that illustrate each topic

 

 

 

 

      Web Resources:

 

      http://www.python.org/ (free download of Python for windows,

             mac, and Unix); Tutorials

 

      http://sourceforge.net/projects/numpy (free download of Numerical Python)

 

http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/ (free download of MatPlotLib)

 

      http://www.cse.csiro.au/poptools/index.htm  (Excel plug in)

 

     

Lecture and Discussion Topics:

 

      Introduction to Modeling.

 

            What is a model?

            How are models made?

            Testing and Evaluation of models.

 

            Haefner Chapt 1 - 3.

 

 

      Introduction to Python programming.

 

            complete Python tutorial.

            turn in first problem set program.

 

 

      Introduction to Matrix Algebra and Matrix Models

 

            Tree Population modeling

            Forest succession modeling

            Landscape Transition (Markov) modeling

 

            Pinard, M. 1993. Biotropica 25(1):2-14

            Anderson, P.J. and F.E. Putz 2002. For. Ecol. Manage. 170:271-283.

            Cropper, W.P., and P.J. Anderson. 2004. Ecol. Modelling 177:119-127

            Cropper, W.P. and D. DiResta. 1999. Ecol. Modelling 118:1-15.

            Cropper, W.P. and E.L. Loudermilk. 2006. Ecol. Modelling

            Dalva, M., et al. 1999. Ecology 80(8):2635-2650

            Acevedo, M.F. et al. 1995. Ecological Applications 5(4):1040-1055

            Horn, H.S. Succession. Chapt. 10 in May, R.M. Theoretical Ecology.

 

            Haefner Chapter 13

 

           

 

      Some useful functions.

 

            Haefner Chapter 4

           

 

 

 

 

      Introduction to Numerical Integration.

 

            integration error

            Introduction to Stella and Berkeley Madonna

            simulation packages.

            Introduction to Excel spreadsheet for simulation.

 

 

            Anderson, R.M. et al. 1981. Nature 289:765-771

            Ferguson et al. 2003. Nature 425:681-685

            Madden, L.V. et al. 2002. BioScience 52:65-74

            Earn, D.J.D. 2000. Science 287:667-670.

            Hastings, A. 1993. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 24:1-33

 

 

            Haefner Chapter 6

 

 

      Disease Modeling.

           

            Differential equation models

            Cellular Automata

            Agent-based Individually-Based Models

 

      Chaos.

 

            Logistic Map (Difference Equation)

            Lorenz Chaos (Differential equations)

            Matrix population models (Density-Dependent)

 

            Haefner Chapter 17

 

 

      Gap Phase Individual-Based Succession Models.

 

            Examples: Jabowa, Linkages

 

            Haefner p. 338

            Post, W.M. and J.Pastor. 1996. Climatic Change 34:253-261

            Wyckoff, P.H. and J.S. Clark. 2002. Journal of Ecology 90:604-615.

            Liu, J. and Ashton. 1995. Forest Ecology and Management 73:157-175.

 

 

      Landscape Modeling.

 

            Haefner Chapters 15 and 16

            Higgins, S.I., et al. 2000. Ecological Applications 10:1833-1848

            Fitz, H.C. et al. 1996. Ecological Modelling 88:263-295

            Loudermilk, E.L. and W.P. Cropper. 2006. For. Ecol. Manage.

 

            Haefner Chapter 15, 16, and 18

 

 

      Modeling Plant Competition.

 

Competition and coexistence - the effects of resource transport and supply rates.

 

Huston M.A., DeAngelis D.L. 1994. American Naturalist 144 (6): 954-977.

 

Loreau, M. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95:5632-5636.

 

Haefner Chapter 14

           

 

      Modeling Soil Nitrogen Dynamics and Decomposition.

 

            Nitrification

            Denitrification

            Mineralization

            Uptake

 

            Muller, C. Modelling Soil-Biosphere Interactions.

            CABI Publishing. Chapt. 2

            Gholz et al. 1985. For. Sci. 31:463-478.

            Kruys et al. 2002. Ecol. Applications 12:773-781.

            Comerford et al. 2006. Can. J. Soil Sci.

 

 

 

Biological Inspired Modeling: Neural Nets and Genetic Algorithms

 

            Cropper and Anderson 2004. Ecol. Modelling 177:119-127

            Cropper and Comerford 2005. Ecol. Modelling 185:271-281

 

            Haefner Chapters 19 and 20

 

 

      Modeling Tree Physiology.

 

            assimilation

            respiration

            transpiration

            estimation of parameters

 

            van den Berg, M. et al. 2002. Ecol. Mod. 148:233-250.

            Chen, J.M. et al. 1999. Ecol. Mod. 124:99-119.

            Friend, A.D. 2001. Global Ecol. Biog. 10:603-619.

            Wang, Y.-P. et al. 1998. Global Change Biology 4:797-807

            Wang, YP and Jarvis. 1990. Ag. For. Met. 51:257-280.

            Cropper, W.P. and Gholz. 1993. Ecol. Mod. 66:231-249

            Cropper, W.P. 2000. For. Ecol. Man. 126:201-212.

 

           

 

 

 

 

Course Requirements:

 

      Although collaboration is an important part of science,

      learning modeling techniques is best done individually.

      No collaboration (except with the instructor) is expected

      for the weekly problem sets or modeling project.

 

      problem sets (25%)

 

      presentation and leading discussion of published

      forest modeling paper (25%)

 

      modeling project and presentation  (50%)

 

 

 

 

Grading Scale:

 

90% - 100% A

85% - 89.9% B+

80% - 84.9% B

75% - 79.9% C+

70% - 74.9% C

60% - 69% D

Below 60% E

 

 

Course Policies

 

Students are expected to attend class, engage in discussion, and submit assignments on time. Problem sets may be revised after initial grading without penalty. A new due date will be assigned for revised problem sets. A 10% late penalty will be assessed for work turned in or presented after the due date. Students must complete a written report of the modeling project, as well as an in class presentation to receive credit for the project.

 

 

 

University of Florida Policies

 

Academic Honesty

 

As a result of completing the registration form at the University of Florida,

every student has signed the following statement: "I understand that the

University of Florida expects its students to be honest in their academic

work. I agree to this commitment to academic honesty and understand that my

failure to comply with this commitment may result in disciplinary action up

to and including expulsion from the University."

 

 

UF Counseling Services

 

Resources are available on campus for students having personal problems or

lacking clear career and academic goals with interfere with their academic

performance. These resources include:

 

University Counseling Center, 301 Peabody Hall, 392-1575 (personal and career

counseling); Student Mental Health, Student Health Care Center, 392-1171

(personal counseling); Center for Sexual Assault /Abuse Recovery and Education

(CARE), Student Health Care Center, 392-1161 ext. 4231 (counseling related to

sexual assault and abuse); Career Resource Center, Reitz Union, 392-1601

(career development assistance and counseling).

 

Software Use

 

All faculty, staff, and students of the University are required and expected

to obey the laws and legal agreements governing software use. Failure to do

so can lead to monetary damages and/or criminal penalties for the individual

violator. Because such violations are also against University policies and rules, disciplinary action will be taken as appropriate.

 

 

Accommodations for Students With Disabilities

 

Students requesting classroom accommodation must first register with the Dean of students Office. The Dean of Students Office will provide documentation to the student who must then provide this documentation to the instructor when requesting accommodation.